POCKET ENCYCLOPAEDIA

Why Doctor Ask You For Echo-cardiogram An echo-cardiogram uses sound waves to produce images of your heart. This commonly used test allows your doctor to see your heart beating and pumping blood. Your doctor can use the images from an echo-cardiogram to identify heart disease. Depending on what information your doctor needs, you may have one of several types of echo-cardiograms. Each type of echo-cardiogram has few, if any, risks involved. Why it’s done Your doctor may suggest an echo-cardiogram if he or she suspects problems with the valves or chambers of your heart or if heart problems are the cause of symptoms such as shortness of breath or chest pain. An echo-cardiogram can also be used to detect congenital heart defects in unborn babies (fetal echo-cardiogram). Depending on what information your doctor needs, you may have one of the following kinds of echo-cardiograms: Transthoracic echo-cardiogram This is a standard, noninvasive echo-cardiogram. A techni...

Everyone has the capacity to become motion sick, but there’s no real explanation for why some people do and others don’t . Motion (or travel) sickness occurs when you feel unwell due to being in a moving vehicle. Commonly known as ‘car sickness’ or ‘sea sickness’, it is a normal response and can generally be prevented. Motion sickness may occur in response to certain types of movement, whether it is the person or what they are looking at (for example, a movie screen) that is moving. Motion sickness is not considered to be a disease as it can occur in nearly every person. Motion sickness happens when what your body feels is happening doesn’t match up with what it sees. If a person is exposed to motion for an extended period (for example, during a long journey at sea) or has repeated exposures, their brain may adapt in time to the constant motion and they may no longer experience motion sickness. Both theories of motion sickness involve a dissonance between expectat...

Metrorrhagia(abnormal bleeding) We must distinguish bleeding that occur at puberty, those that occur during the reproductive years (including the pill) or after menopause, because the causes are often very different. Any bleeding that occurs before puberty or after menopause should a priori be considered abnormal. Metrorrhagia require rigorous analysis to rule out more serious causes before concluding that a simple hormone imbalance (functional metrorrhagia). Metrorrhagia occurs due to hormone disorders or any other such irregularities. It could also be an indicator of some serious health issues such as endometriosis, cancer of reproductive organs or uterine fibroids. Read on more to find all about them. Metrorrhagia usually is more commonly seen in the first few years of menarche. Abnormal bleeding occurring during this time is also known as Pubertal Metrorrhagia. Metrorrhagia is also seen in females who are nearing menopause. In Metrorrhagia, uterine bleeding occurs...

Amenorrhea (patient education) Amenorrhea is when a woman of childbearing age fails to menstruate. A woman normally menstruates every 23 to 35 days. In this type of amenorrhea, menstruation does not commence at the time of puberty. In case a young teenager is developing normally but does not start her periods by 15 years of age, she is said to have primary amenorrhea. It should also be noted that if signs of puberty are not visible at 13 years of age, medical advice needs to be sought. Primary amenorrhea is not so common. Causes Apart from pregnancy, a host of factors can lead to amenorrhea. These include the following: Birth defects Genetic Conditions Uterine Infections Surgeries and tumours Hormones Extreme weight loss Breastfeeding Menopause Severe Stress Overexercising Hormonal disorders (thyroid/pituitary gland) Chronic health conditions Some medications Gynaecological disorders Symptoms Amenorrhea can also be a consequence of a long-...

Toxic shock syndrome(TSS) we hear horrifying stories about women who become gravely ill, lose limbs, or even die from toxic shock syndrome (TSS), a condition often associated with tampon use. If you’re someone who prefers tampons to other menstrual supplies, it’s easy to find yourself freaking out about whether you’re putting yourself in danger by using them. Take a deep breath – there’s no need to panic. There are a lot of myths about toxic shock syndrome out there, which make figuring out how to stay safe especially difficult. Lucky for you, this post is gonna set things straight. TSS is a serious and dangerous condition, but you shouldn’t persistently worry about it, nor should you let the myths surrounding it prevent you from living the life you want to lead. By learning the facts about TSS – including how best to prevent it Toxic shock syndrome is caused by the release of exotoxins from toxigenic strains of the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogene...